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Increased levels of production and the
introduction of new wares had implications for
both the size of the potworks and the number
of ovens required. Previously both
earthenwares and stonewares were fired only
once. Now, however, the new refined
earthenwares were twice-fired, with an initial
biscuit firing followed by glazing - the wares
were dipped into a liquid lead glaze - and a
second 'glost' firing. This allowed a much
better quality product to be made. If
over-glaze painted decoration was added a
further low temperature firing was needed, and
in some cases further firings would be needed
for different painted colours.
Some of the larger potters grew wealthy and began to build substantial
houses for themselves. A large manufacturer’s house, the Big House
in Burslem (shown in the picture above), was built for John and Thomas
Wedgwood in 1751. Most potters, however,
struggled to succeed and many businesses ended
in bankruptcy.
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